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Cordectomy Surgery

Overview

Cordectomy is a surgical procedure involving the partial or complete removal of the vocal cords to treat laryngeal cancer, particularly when a small tumor is present in the glottis. This surgery may involve excision of one or both vocal cords. The larynx, or voice box, plays a critical role in speech, breathing, and swallowing.

Preparation for Cordectomy Surgery

Understanding the Procedure
It is crucial to understand the procedure’s long-term effects, including potential changes to speech ability, risks, and side effects associated with the removal of the vocal cords.

Adopt Healthy Habits
Maintain a nutritious diet and engage in regular physical activity as guided by your healthcare provider. Avoid processed foods to promote general health.

Quit Smoking
Stopping smoking before surgery improves recovery outcomes and reduces the risk of complications.

Anesthesia and Positioning
Cordectomy is performed under anesthesia. Proper positioning during surgery ensures the effective introduction of the laryngoscope. You will lie flat on the operating table, with the dental plate secured before the laryngoscope is inserted.

Types of Cordectomy Procedures

1. Cordectomy Through Laryngofissure

  • Involves vertical splitting of the thyroid cartilage at the midline to form a wide surgical window.
  • Also known as median thyrotomy, this traditional method is often used for early-stage glottic carcinoma.

2. Endoscopic Laser Cordectomy (Kashima Operation)

  • A minimally invasive procedure using a carbon dioxide laser to remove the tumor.
  • Commonly used for glottic carcinoma and respiratory issues related to vocal fold paralysis.

Cordectomy Surgery Procedure

During the procedure, the tumor and surrounding healthy tissue are removed to ensure no cancerous cells remain. The surgery may be conducted using traditional surgical techniques or advanced laser technology.

Recovery After Cordectomy Surgery

Immediate Recovery

  • Vocal rest for 3–7 days is essential. Avoid speaking, whispering, coughing, or clearing your throat to prevent strain on the healing tissue.
  • Physical exertion, including heavy exercise and playing wind instruments, should be avoided for several weeks or months, depending on the recovery progress.

Speech Rehabilitation

  • A speech pathologist will guide your transition off voice rest and help you adapt to changes in your vocal ability.
  • Nutritional support through a feeding tube may be necessary during the initial recovery phase.

Follow-Up Care

Post-Surgical Monitoring

  • You may need to spend a few days in intensive care for close monitoring.
  • Eating is not recommended until the throat has sufficiently healed. Acid-blocking medications may be prescribed to support recovery.

Communication Adjustments

  • If total removal of the vocal cords has occurred, traditional speech will no longer be possible.
  • Temporary alternative communication methods, such as writing or using assistive devices, will be required.

Cordectomy is an effective treatment for laryngeal cancer, with recovery and rehabilitation tailored to individual needs. Regular follow-ups and adherence to post-operative care instructions are critical for optimal healing and adaptation.

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