Partial Hip Replacement Surgery

Partial hip replacement is a surgical procedure that involves removing and replacing the ball of the hip joint with an artificial implant. It does not involve replacing the socket. This surgery is most commonly performed to treat specific types of hip fractures, particularly when a femoral neck fracture cannot heal, and the socket remains intact or uninjured.

Alternative Name for Partial Hip Replacement

Hemiarthroplasty (Scientific name)

Location of the Surgery

The hip joint, where the top of the femur (thigh bone) fits into the pelvis.

Types of Partial Hip Replacement Surgery

Cemented: The implant is bonded to the bone with cement.
Uncemented: The implant has a porous stem that allows the bone to grow into it.
Hybrid: A combination of cemented and uncemented methods, with a stem that is partially cemented and partially porous.

Preparation for Partial Hip Replacement Surgery

Ensure your doctor is aware of any medications you are currently taking, especially if you have diabetes.
Avoid smoking as it delays the recovery process and limit or avoid alcohol consumption.
Health parameters like heart rate, body temperature, and blood pressure will be checked the day before the surgery.
You will be instructed to fast (no food or drink) for at least six hours before the surgery.

How Partial Hip Replacement Surgery Is Performed

The procedure typically lasts between one to two hours. A prosthetic implant is used to replace the ball of the hip joint. The stem of the implant is inserted into the femur. Depending on the method, the implant can be cemented, uncemented, or hybrid.

Follow-Up Care After Partial Hip Replacement Surgery

You will receive pain medication through an IV, along with medications to prevent infection, nausea, and blood clots.
Due to the effects of anesthesia, you may not feel anything below the waist for a period.
Post-surgery, you may need cushioning between your legs to ensure the hip stays in proper alignment. Compression stockings or sleeves may also be used to promote blood flow and prevent blood clots.

Risks and Complications Associated with Partial Hip Replacement Surgery

Blood Clots: Clots can form in the veins of the legs and pose serious risks if they travel to the heart or lungs.
Infection: Infection may occur near the surgical site or around the prosthetic components.
Dislocation: The implant may become dislodged, especially in certain positions.
Fracture: Fractures may occur during surgery, with small fractures usually healing on their own. Larger fractures may require further treatment.
Change in Leg Length: A slight difference in leg length can occur but is typically correctable.
Loosening of Implant: This is a rare complication where the implant may become loose over time.

Recovery After Partial Hip Replacement Surgery

Recovery will involve following specific precautions to avoid dislocating the hip, such as not twisting the hip and ensuring that your head, shoulders, knees, and feet are aligned.
Pain medication will decrease in the first couple of weeks, but you may need to continue taking medicines to prevent blood clots.
You will likely need assistance moving around during the early recovery stages and may require crutches or a walker.
Full recovery can take up to six months.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is a partial hip replacement better than a full one?
The choice between partial or full hip replacement depends on the extent of damage to the hip joint. A partial replacement may be sufficient if only one side of the joint is damaged, while a full replacement is necessary for more extensive damage, such as in cases of arthritis.
Will I need physical therapy after partial hip replacement?
Yes, physical therapy is essential for improving strength, flexibility, and mobility. It helps you regain normal functioning.
Can you walk after partial hip replacement?
Yes, walking is an important part of recovery, and with proper rehabilitation, patients can gradually resume walking.
How long will I stay in the hospital after partial hip replacement?
Typically, the hospital stay is about 1 to 3 days, depending on factors such as your overall health and recovery progress.
Which method of hip replacement is the best?
The choice of method depends on your specific condition, the surgeon’s expertise, and personal preferences. Both partial and full replacements have their advantages, and the best method will be determined based on individual needs.
What are the lifetime precautions after hip replacement?
Post-surgery, it is important to avoid high-impact activities, maintain a healthy weight, practice good posture, and engage in low-impact exercises to keep the hip joint strong.
What type of anesthesia is used for partial hip replacement?
Various types of anesthesia may be used, including general anesthesia, regional anesthesia (spinal or epidural), or a combination, depending on the patient’s condition and the surgeon’s recommendation.
How long do the artificial hip components last?
The longevity of the artificial components depends on factors like age, activity level, and the materials used. However, modern implants are designed to last for many years, with advancements in technology enhancing their durability.

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