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A partial knee replacement is a surgical alternative to a complete knee replacement for individuals with knee osteoarthritis. This procedure is suitable when the damage is confined to a specific compartment of the knee. It involves replacing only the damaged portion of the knee cartilage with a prosthetic. While partial knee replacement was once reserved for older patients with limited activity levels, it is now commonly performed on younger patients due to faster recovery and less pain. It is estimated that 5% to 6% of individuals with knee arthritis are candidates for partial knee replacement.
The inward (medial) or outward part of the knee, or the kneecap region.
Surgical Procedure
To ensure a smooth recovery, it’s important to make your living space safe and comfortable before the surgery:
The procedure involves three main steps:
Patients generally recover faster than those who undergo total knee replacement. Many can walk without assistance within 3 to 4 weeks. Physical therapy is typically required for 3 to 4 months to help improve mobility and strengthen the knee. In some cases, the remaining portion of the knee may eventually require replacement, leading to a total knee replacement. However, many patients experience good results from partial knee replacement for up to 10 years, especially if only the inner or outer part of the knee is replaced, rather than the patella (kneecap).
You can begin moving your knee the day after surgery. Recovery is typically quicker and less painful compared to total knee replacement. After the procedure, you’ll work with a physical therapist in the hospital and during the first few weeks at home to regain knee function. Most patients are discharged within 1 to 2 days.
To prevent blood clots, you will be given medication during your hospital stay and possibly for some time after discharge.
After 6 to 8 weeks, you should be able to resume normal activities, though high-impact activities like jogging or running may be discouraged due to wear on the implant. However, activities like tennis, skiing, and other low-impact sports are usually permissible.
Can I walk without assistance after a partial knee replacement?
Yes, many patients are able to walk without assistance after the procedure, but it’s important to follow post-operative instructions and attend physical therapy sessions to safely increase activity levels.
Can partial knee replacement be performed on both knees simultaneously?
Yes, simultaneous partial knee replacement is possible in some cases. However, the decision depends on various factors, including overall health, the surgeon’s evaluation, and the extent of damage in both knees.
Are there age restrictions for partial knee replacement?
There are no strict age limits for partial knee replacement. Eligibility depends on factors like overall health, knee damage, and the surgeon’s assessment.
Can I resume sports activities after partial knee replacement?
After rehabilitation, many patients can gradually return to sports. The type of sports activities you can resume will depend on your individual case and the surgeon’s guidance.
Is partial knee replacement cheaper than total knee replacement?
Generally, partial knee replacement is less expensive than total knee replacement, as it involves replacing only the damaged part of the knee joint. The cost can vary based on factors like the surgeon, location, and specific hospital fees.