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Pelvic exenteration is a major surgical procedure used to remove various organs in the pelvic region, typically in cases of recurrent cancer. This surgery may involve the removal of the bladder, reproductive organs (such as the uterus, cervix, and vagina), and parts of the gastrointestinal tract, including the rectum or anus. Pelvic exenteration is only performed when cancer has not spread to other parts of the body.
The procedure targets organs in the pelvic region, such as the uterus, colon, rectum, and reproductive organs.
Radical pelvic exenteration
Surgical
Before undergoing pelvic exenteration, it is crucial to fully understand the procedure and its outcomes. Preparation typically involves:
The surgery is done under general anesthesia, ensuring you remain pain-free throughout the procedure. Initially, small incisions are made in the abdominal wall, and a laparoscope (a small camera) is inserted to guide the surgeon.
A larger incision is then made, and the affected tissues or organs are removed, which may include the reproductive organs, bladder, lymph nodes, or parts of the rectum. Following the removal of cancerous tissues, reconstructive procedures are performed, depending on the location of the surgery. These may involve vaginal reconstruction, urinary diversion, or colostomy (to help with stool passage).
Post-surgery recovery will vary depending on the location of the surgery. You will be moved to a recovery room for observation, and after a few hours to a couple of days, you will be transferred to a regular hospital room. Recovery typically takes several weeks, and while you can begin to resume normal activities, avoid strenuous tasks that could stress your body.
It is essential to perform walking and breathing exercises as part of your recovery and to attend regular follow-up appointments to ensure healing is progressing without complications.
Care for your incision wounds by keeping them clean and dry. Take prescribed medications, including pain relievers and antibiotics. If you experience unexplained pain, excessive vomiting, or any other concerning symptoms, seek medical advice promptly.
Follow-up appointments are crucial for a smooth recovery. Your surgeon will provide a follow-up schedule, including when to monitor incision healing. Rest is essential, so avoid overexerting yourself and seek assistance from family or friends for daily tasks. Gradually return to routine activities as advised by your doctor. Wear loose, comfortable clothing and consume a nutritious diet.
Ensure your wounds remain clean and dry, and consult with your doctor regarding bathing practices. Look out for signs of infection, swelling, or redness at the incision site, and continue to take your medications as prescribed. Drink plenty of water and stay hydrated.
As a major surgery, pelvic exenteration carries certain risks, such as:
Other potential side effects include: