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Overview, Procedure, and Recovery
Total gastrectomy refers to the complete removal of the stomach, including all gastric tissues, nearby lymph nodes, and sometimes parts of the esophagus or small intestine. This surgical procedure is most commonly used to treat certain types of gastric tumors and cancers. It is an effective method to prevent the spread or recurrence of cancer.
Gastrectomy
The procedure targets the stomach.
Total gastrectomy can be performed in different ways based on the patient’s condition and the surgeon’s preference. The most common techniques are open surgery and laparoscopic surgery (keyhole surgery).
Open Surgery: The surgeon makes an incision from the upper mid-abdomen to the navel to access the stomach and surrounding organs. In cancer patients, nearby organs like the liver and intestines, along with lymph nodes, are examined to check for signs of cancer spread. The surgeon will then tie off the arteries in the area, remove the affected stomach, and reattach the upper part of the digestive system to the small intestine. The incision is closed with stitches, and any accumulated fluid is drained.
Laparoscopic Surgery: In this minimally invasive method, the surgeon makes several small incisions in the abdomen and inserts a laparoscope into one of the incisions. The laparoscope allows the surgeon to see the inside of the abdomen on a screen. The surgeon uses this visual aid and special instruments inserted through the other incisions to perform the surgery.
Post-surgery, a tube may be inserted through the nose to keep the stomach empty, which will be removed once the bowels are functioning well. Mild discomfort from the surgery is common but can be managed with pain medications. The recovery process usually takes 6-10 hours of hospitalization to monitor progress.
It is important to seek medical care if symptoms like high fever, excessive bleeding, vomiting, or other unusual signs occur. A dietitian will likely recommend small, frequent, nourishing meals and advise avoiding late-night eating to prevent reflux or heartburn. A follow-up appointment is generally scheduled within 1-3 weeks after discharge.
As with any major surgery, total gastrectomy comes with potential risks, including: